Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

2000 November 10
See Explanation.  Clicking on the picture will download 
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X-Ray Cygnus A
Credit: A. Wilson & A. Young (UMD), P. Shopbell (Caltech), CXC, NASA
(Inset Credit: NRAO)

Explanation: Amazingly detailed, this false-colour x-ray image is centred on the galaxy Cygnus A. Recorded by the orbiting Chandra Observatory, Cygnus A is seen here as a spectacular high energy x-ray source. But it is actually more famous at the low energy end of the electromagnetic spectrum as one of the brightest celestial radio sources. Merely 700 million light-years distant, Cygnus A is the closest powerful radio galaxy and the false-colour radio image (inset right) shows remarkable similarity to Chandra's x-ray view. Central in both pictures, the centre of Cygnus A shines brightly while emission extends 300,000 light-years to either side along the same axis. Near light speed jets of atomic particles produced by a massive central black hole are believed to cause the emission. In fact, the x-ray image reveals "hot spots" suggestive of the locations where the particle jets are stopped in surrounding cooler, denser gas. The x-ray image also shows that the jets have cleared out a huge cavity in the surrounding gas. Bright swaths of emission within the cavity likely indicate x-ray hot material ... swirling toward the central black hole.

Tomorrow's picture: Lunar Observatory


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Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (USRA)
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